Based on the gale observation data at Pudong and Nanhui national weather stations and twelve automatic weather stations and surface roughness data along the rail transit line 16 of Shanghai, the temporal and spatial characteristics of wind speed, wind direction and gust factor were studied on the rail transit line 16 and surroundings, the driving risks of train under dominant wind directions were discussed, and the suggestions of wind measurement equipment layout on elevated section of the rail transit line 16 were given. The results show that it was necessary to carry out more dense observation of wind speed and wind direction, especially pay a close attention to severe convection weathers in summer. During the influence of typhoon processes on Shanghai, the differences of wind speed between adjacent automatic weather stations near Luoshanlu station and Zhoupudong-Xinchang, Yeshengdongwuyuan-Huinandong, Shuyuan-Lingangdadao sections of the rail transit line 16 were quite obvious, and the influences of surface roughness on wind speed at Longyanglu-Luoshanlu, Yeshengdongwuyuan-Huinandong sections and Dishuihu station were greater, while the wind directions of Longyanglu-Luoshanlu, Zhoupudong-Xinchang and Yeshengdongwuyuan-Huinandong sections were quite different. It is suggested that the section of Longyanglu-Luoshanlu and Zhoupudong-Xinchang along the rail transit line 16 should be added an automatic weather station, respectively.